终南山 秦楚古道觅踪

本期，请跟着我们的文字和镜头，一览秦楚古道古今的故事。

Join us as we delve into the stories of the ancient Qin-Chu Ancient Road, spanning both past and present, through our words and lenses.

秦楚古道，即商於古道，是古代秦国通往楚国的一条驿道。它连接秦山楚水，是中国最早的“高速公路”。这条道路，为华夏文明古国政治、经济、文化和军事发展以及南北物资交流作出了巨大的贡献。

The Qin-Chu Ancient Road, also known as the Shangwu Ancient Road, served as a vital postal route linking the Qin and Chu states in ancient China. Spanning from the Qin mountains to the Chu waters, it stood as one of the earliest prototypes of what we now know as "highways." This historic thoroughfare played a pivotal role in fostering political, economic, cultural, and military exchanges between the ancient Chinese civilizations, serving as a lifeline for north-south trade routes.

如今，“秦楚古道”虽早已废弃，但在西安市长安区通往商洛市柞水县的终南山这段密林丛中，还能觅其踪迹。过去，古道沿途设有关隘、驿站、铺、店等配套设施，但这些配套设施究竟有多少，已经难以考证。也正是这一遗憾，让许多户外登山者光顾此地增添了一丝探秘的趣味——重拾那段难以磨灭的历史。

While the echoes of the "Qin-Chu Ancient Road" have long faded, remnants of its existence still linger amidst the dense forests of Mount Zhongnan, traversing from Chang'an District of Xi'an City to Zhashui County of Shangluo City. Along its path, forts, relay stations, inns, and shops once dotted the landscape, though the exact count of these establishments remains shrouded in mystery. This enigma adds an allure, drawing adventurers to uncover the secrets of a bygone era.

据史料记载，秦楚古道从初建到逐步修建完善大体分为三个阶段：第一阶段为秦朝初年至秦末时期修筑，起始咸阳，终至秦岭终南山，绵亘三百余里；第二阶段为西汉、东汉王朝时期修筑，从陕西长安至河南内乡，至湖北襄阳，长约五百公里；第三阶段为三国时期修筑，自湖北襄阳起，经荆门至江陵（楚国故都遗址，荆州古城北十里许），长约一百五十公里。

Historical accounts paint a picture of the Qin-Chu Ancient Road evolving through three distinct phases:

1. The initial phase, spanning from the early Qin Dynasty to its twilight years, traced a route from Xianyang to Mount Zhongnan in the Qinling Mountains, stretching over 300 li.

2. During the Han Dynasties, the road expanded from Chang'an in Shaanxi to Neixiang in Henan, then onwards to Xiangyang in Hubei, spanning approximately 500 kilometers.

3. The Three Kingdoms era saw further extensions, from Xiangyang in Hubei through Jingmen to Jiangling (the former capital of Chu, located roughly ten li north of Jingzhou ancient city), covering a distance of about 150 kilometers.

秦楚古道的功能是多方面的，主要功能有：一是便于军队行军打仗、运送辎重粮草；二是便于朝廷传递公文；三是便于地方向朝廷缴纳物资、贡品；四是便于老百姓通商、行走。经历了几千年的风风雨雨，留下了许多脍炙人口的典故和传说。

The Qin-Chu Ancient Road served a myriad of functions:

1. Facilitating military mobilization and the transportation of supplies.

2. Enabling governmental dispatch of official decrees.

3. Facilitating tributes and taxes from local regions to the central government.

4. Enhancing commercial activities and facilitating travel for commoners.

这条古道，见证过历史的繁荣与战乱，承载了无数动人的故事和传说。如今，它的作用虽已被高速公路所取代，但它背后的故事，无疑是历史长河中熠熠生辉的宝藏。

Despite enduring the sands of time, the road has left behind a trove of anecdotes and legends, bearing witness to the ebbs and flows of history. Though its role has been superseded by modern highways, the tales woven into its fabric remain an irreplaceable treasure in the annals of time. 华商报大风新闻记者 李杰/图 王煜鑫/文 实习生 常媛/译